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Pathways Recommended: Autophagy
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Mitochondrial Autophagy

" in MedChemExpress (MCE) Product Catalog:

39

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1

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8

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6

Isotope-Labeled Compounds

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Cat. No. Product Name Target Research Areas Chemical Structure
  • HY-147108
    Mitochondria degrader-1

    		Mitochondrial Metabolism Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology Cancer
    Mitochondria degrader-1 (example 5) is a potent mitochondria degrader. Mitochondria degrader-1 induces the degradation of the injured mitochondria by the autophagy mechanism. Mitochondria degrader-1 can be used for the research of neurodegenerative disease, cancer, inflammatory disease, age-related disease, metabolic disease, mitochondrial disease or Down's disease .
    Mitochondria degrader-1
  • HY-15206
    Glibenclamide
    15+ Cited Publications

    Glyburide

    		 Potassium Channel Mitochondrial Metabolism Autophagy CFTR P-glycoprotein Metabolic Disease
    Glibenclamide (Glyburide) is an orally active ATP-sensitive K + channel (KATP) inhibitor and can be used for the research of diabetes and obesity . Glibenclamide inhibits P-glycoprotein. Glibenclamide directly binds and blocks the SUR1 subunits of KATP and inhibits the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein (CFTR) . Glibenclamide interferes with mitochondrial bioenergetics by inducing changes on membrane ion permeability . Glibenclamide can induce autophagy .
    Glibenclamide
  • HY-110228
    Metformin-d6 hydrochloride

    1,1-Dimethylbiguanide-d6 hydrochloride

    		 AMPK Autophagy Mitophagy Cardiovascular Disease Metabolic Disease
    Metformin-d6 (hydrochloride)e is a deuterium labeled Metformin hydrochloride. Metformin hydrochloride inhibits the mitochondrial respiratory chain in the liver, leading to activation of AMPK, enhancing insulin sensitivity for type 2 diabetes research. Metformin hydrochloride triggers autophagy[1].
    Metformin-d6 hydrochloride
  • HY-124726
    Aumitin

    		Autophagy Neurological Disease Cancer
    Aumitin is a diaminopyrimidine-based autophagy inhibitor which inhibits mitochondrial respiration by targeting complex I. Aumitin inhibits starvation- and rapamycin induced autophagy dose dependently with IC50s of 0.12 μM and 0.24 μM, respectively .
    Aumitin
  • HY-134640
    AUTAC4
    1 Publications Verification

    		 AUTACs Mitophagy Neurological Disease Cancer
    AUTAC4 is a mitochondria-targeting autophagy-targeting chimera (AUTAC). AUTAC4 downregulates cytosolic proteins and promotes targeted mitochondrial turnover via mitophagy .
    AUTAC4
  • HY-156187
    Anticancer agent 161

    		Others Cancer
    Anticancer agent 161 (Compound 3b) is a bioactive alkynol with anti-cancer potential. Anticancer agent 161 can trigger autophagy and mitochondrial membrane potential depletion .
    Anticancer agent 161
  • HY-150407
    TSPO ligand-1

    		Ligands for Target Protein for PROTAC Autophagy Others Neurological Disease Cancer
    TSPO ligand-1 is the ligand of AUTAC4 (HY-134640) that can be used in the synthesis of PROTACs. TSPO ligand-1 is a mitochondrial outer membrane transmembrane structural domain protein can bind to AUTAC4 and regulate mitochondrial autophagy to promote targeted mitochondrial renewal. TSPO ligand-1 is also involved in the transport of cholesterol from the outer to inner mitochondrial membrane and serves as a sensitive biomarker of brain injury and neurodegeneration .
    TSPO ligand-1
  • HY-17471A
    Metformin hydrochloride
    Maximum Cited Publications
    107 Publications Verification

    1,1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride

    		 AMPK Autophagy Mitophagy Cardiovascular Disease Metabolic Disease
    Metformin hydrochloride (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride) inhibits the mitochondrial respiratory chain in the liver, leading to activation of AMPK, enhancing insulin sensitivity for type 2 diabetes research. Metformin hydrochloride triggers autophagy .
    Metformin hydrochloride
  • HY-147225
    TSPO Ligand-Linker Conjugates 1

    		AUTACs Mitophagy Neurological Disease Metabolic Disease Cancer
    TSPO Ligand-Linker Conjugates 1 contains a ligand for translocator protein (TSPO) and a linker, which is used for the synthesis of mitochondria-targeting autophagy-targeting chimera (AUTAC). AUTAC can bind the TSPO on the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) of mitochondria and degrades impaired mitochondria and proteins via mitophagy, and improves mitochondrial activity. TSPO Ligand-Linker Conjugates 1 can be used in mitochondrial dysfunction related research, including neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and diabetes .
    TSPO Ligand-Linker Conjugates 1
  • HY-B0627
    Metformin
    Maximum Cited Publications
    107 Publications Verification

    1,1-Dimethylbiguanide

    		 AMPK Autophagy Mitophagy Cardiovascular Disease Metabolic Disease Cancer
    Metformin (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide) inhibits the mitochondrial respiratory chain in the liver, leading to activation of AMPK, enhancing insulin sensitivity for type 2 diabetes research. Metformin can cross the blood-brain barrier and triggers autophagy .
    Metformin
  • HY-N6626
    Pyraclostrobin

    		Fungal Bacterial Bcl-2 Family Autophagy Beclin1 AMPK mTOR Infection Metabolic Disease
    Pyraclostrobin is a highly effective and broad-spectrum strobilurin fungicide. Pyraclostrobin can induce oxidative DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunction and autophagy through the activation of AMPK/mTOR signaling. Pyraclostrobin can be used to control crop diseases .
    Pyraclostrobin
  • HY-N6779
    Patulin
    3 Publications Verification

    Terinin

    		 Bacterial Apoptosis Autophagy Antibiotic Infection
    Patulin (Terinin) is a mycotoxin produced by fungi including the Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Byssochlamys species, causes chromosome breakage, mutation, teratogenic and cytotoxic. Patulin induces autophagy-dependent apoptosis through lysosomal-mitochondrial axis, and causes DNA damage .
    Patulin
  • HY-12406
    VLX600

    		Oxidative Phosphorylation Mitochondrial Metabolism Autophagy Cancer
    VLX600 is an iron-chelating inhibitor of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). VLX600 causes mitochondrial dysfunction and induces a strong shift to glycolysis. VLX600 displays selective cytotoxic activity against malignant cell and induces autophagy. Anticancer activity .
    VLX600
  • HY-17471AR
    Metformin hydrochloride (Standard)

    1,1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride (Standard)

    		 AMPK Autophagy Mitophagy Cardiovascular Disease Metabolic Disease Cancer
    Metformin (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Metformin (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Metformin hydrochloride (1,1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride) inhibits the mitochondrial respiratory chain in the liver, leading to activation of AMPK, enhancing insulin sensitivity for type 2 diabetes research. Metformin hydrochloride triggers autophagy .
    Metformin hydrochloride (Standard)
  • HY-162084
    BKN-1

    		Autophagy Apoptosis Cancer
    BKN-1 is a bifunctional ligand that can not only track the formation of mtG4s (G-quadruplexes, four-stranded DNA structures containing Hoogsteen bonds) through far-red emission, but can also induce mitochondrial dysfunction. BKN-1 has anti-tumor activity and may cause mtDNA loss, damage mitochondrial integrity, reduce ATP levels, and trigger ROS imbalance, leading to apoptosis and autophagy .
    BKN-1
  • HY-134656
    BC1618
    1 Publications Verification

    		 AMPK Mitophagy E1/E2/E3 Enzyme Metabolic Disease Inflammation/Immunology
    BC1618, an orally active Fbxo48 inhibitory compound, stimulates Ampk-dependent signaling (via preventing activated pAmpkα from Fbxo48-mediated degradation). BC1618 promotes mitochondrial fission, facilitates autophagy and improves hepatic insulin sensitivity .
    BC1618
  • HY-15206S
    Glyburide-d11

    		Isotope-Labeled Compounds Potassium Channel Mitochondrial Metabolism Autophagy CFTR P-glycoprotein Metabolic Disease
    Glyburide-d11 is the deuterium labeled Glibenclamide. Glibenclamide (Glyburide) is an orally active ATP-sensitive K+ channel (KATP) inhibitor and can be used for the research of diabetes and obesity[1]. Glibenclamide inhibits P-glycoprotein. Glibenclamide directly binds and blocks the SUR1 subunits of KATP and inhibits the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein (CFTR)[3]. Glibenclamide interferes with mitochondrial bioenergetics by inducing changes on membrane ion permeability[4]. Glibenclamide can induce autophagy[5].
    Glyburide-d11
  • HY-15206S1
    Glyburide-d3

    Glyburide-d3

    		 Potassium Channel Mitochondrial Metabolism Autophagy CFTR P-glycoprotein Metabolic Disease
    Glyburide-d3 is the deuterium labeled Glibenclamide. Glibenclamide (Glyburide) is an orally active ATP-sensitive K+ channel (KATP) inhibitor and can be used for the research of diabetes and obesity[1]. Glibenclamide inhibits P-glycoprotein. Glibenclamide directly binds and blocks the SUR1 subunits of KATP and inhibits the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein (CFTR)[3]. Glibenclamide interferes with mitochondrial bioenergetics by inducing changes on membrane ion permeability[4]. Glibenclamide can induce autophagy[5].
    Glyburide-d3
  • HY-N6626R
    Pyraclostrobin (Standard)

    		Fungal Bacterial Bcl-2 Family Autophagy Beclin1 AMPK mTOR Infection Metabolic Disease
    Pyraclostrobin (Standard) is the analytical standard of Pyraclostrobin. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Pyraclostrobin is a highly effective and broad-spectrum strobilurin fungicide. Pyraclostrobin can induce oxidative DNA damage, mitochondrial dysfunction and autophagy through the activation of AMPK/mTOR signaling. Pyraclostrobin can be used to control crop diseases .
    Pyraclostrobin (Standard)
  • HY-N2673
    5-Heptadecylresorcinol

    5-n-Heptadecylresorcinol; AR-C17

    		 Sirtuin Cardiovascular Disease Metabolic Disease
    5-Heptadecylresorcinol (AR-C17), a phenolic lipid component, is also an orally active mitochondrial protector. 5-Heptadecylresorcinol improves mitochondrial function via sirtuin3 signaling pathway, thus alleviates endothelial cell damage and apoptosis. 5-Heptadecylresorcinol induces sirtuin3-mediated autophagy. 5-Heptadecylresorcinol reduces the atherosclerotic plaques in the aortic root region of mice heart. 5-Heptadecylresorcinol can be used for research of atherosclerosis prevention and obesity .
    5-Heptadecylresorcinol
  • HY-B0116
    Stavudine
    3 Publications Verification

    d4T

    		 Reverse Transcriptase HIV Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog NOD-like Receptor (NLR) Autophagy Apoptosis Infection
    Stavudine (d4T) is an orally active nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI). Stavudine has activity against HIV-1 and HIV-2. Stavudine also inhibits the replication of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Stavudine reduces NLRP3 inflammasome activation and modulates Amyloid-β autophagy. Stavudine induces apoptosis .
    Stavudine
  • HY-B0116A
    Stavudine sodium

    d4T sodium

    		 Reverse Transcriptase HIV Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog NOD-like Receptor (NLR) Autophagy Apoptosis Infection
    Stavudine (d4T) sodium is an orally active nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI). Stavudine sodium has activity against HIV-1 and HIV-2. Stavudine sodium also inhibits the replication of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Stavudine sodium reduces NLRP3 inflammasome activation and modulates Amyloid-β autophagy. Stavudine sodium induces apoptosis .
    Stavudine sodium
  • HY-N10443
    Mammea A/BA

    		Parasite Apoptosis Autophagy Reactive Oxygen Species Infection
    Mammea A/BA has potent activity against Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi). Mammea A/BA induces mitochondrial dysfunction, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and DNA fragmentation, and increases number of acidic vacuoles. Mammea A/BA can induce apoptosis, autophagy and necrosis. Mammea A/BA can be used for researching chagas disease .
    Mammea A/BA
  • HY-115576
    P62-mediated mitophagy inducer
    3 Publications Verification

    PMI

    		 p62 Mitophagy Autophagy Neurological Disease Cancer
    P62-mediated mitophagy inducer (PMI) is a P62-mediated mitophagy activator. P62-mediated mitophagy inducer activates mitochondrial autophagy without recruitment of Parkin or collapse of the mitochondrial membrane potential and remains active in cells lacking a fully functional PINK1/Parkin pathway. P62-mediated mitophagy inducer serves as a pharmacological tool to study the molecular mechanisms of mitosis, avoiding toxicity and some of the non-specific effects associated with the sudden dissipation of mitochondria lacking membrane potential .
    P62-mediated mitophagy inducer
  • HY-N6779S
    Patulin-13C7

    Terinin-13C7

    		 Isotope-Labeled Compounds Infection
    Patulin- 13C7 (Terinin- 13C7) is the 13C labeled Patulin (HY-N6779) . Patulin (Terinin) is a mycotoxin produced by fungi including the Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Byssochlamys species, is suspected to be clastogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic and cytotoxic. Patulin induces autophagy-dependent apoptosis through lysosomal-mitochondrial axis, and causes DNA damage .
    Patulin-13C7
  • HY-B0116S
    Stavudine-d4

    		Isotope-Labeled Compounds Reverse Transcriptase HIV Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog NOD-like Receptor (NLR) Autophagy Apoptosis Infection
    Stavudine-d4 is the deuterium labeled Stavudine. Stavudine (d4T) is an orally active nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI). Stavudine has activity against HIV-1 and HIV-2. Stavudine also inhibits the replication of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Stavudine reduces NLRP3 inflammasome activation and modulates Amyloid-β autophagy. Stavudine induces apoptosis[1][2][3][4].
    Stavudine-d4
  • HY-100490
    Rilmenidine

    		Imidazoline Receptor Adrenergic Receptor Apoptosis Autophagy Cardiovascular Disease Cancer
    Rilmenidine, an innovative antihypertensive agent, is an orally active, selective I1 imidazoline receptor agonist. Rilmenidine is an alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist. Rilmenidine induces autophagy. Rilmenidine acts both centrally by reducing sympathetic overactivity and in the kidney by inhibiting the Na +/H + antiport. Rilmenidine modulates proliferation and stimulates the proapoptotic protein Bax thus inducing the perturbation of the mitochondrial pathway and apoptosis in human leukemic K562 cells .
    Rilmenidine
  • HY-100490B
    Rilmenidine phosphate

    		Imidazoline Receptor Adrenergic Receptor Apoptosis Autophagy Cardiovascular Disease Cancer
    Rilmenidine phosphate, an innovative antihypertensive agent, is an orally active, selective I1 imidazoline receptor agonist. Rilmenidine phosphate is an alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist. Rilmenidine phosphate induces autophagy. Rilmenidine phosphate acts both centrally by reducing sympathetic overactivity and in the kidney by inhibiting the Na +/H + antiport. Rilmenidine phosphate modulates proliferation and stimulates the proapoptotic protein Bax thus inducing the perturbation of the mitochondrial pathway and apoptosis in human leukemic K562 cells .
    Rilmenidine phosphate
  • HY-W016409
    Ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate

    Ethyl protocatechuate

    		 HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase Reactive Oxygen Species NO Synthase Autophagy Apoptosis Metabolic Disease Cancer
    Ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate (Ethyl protocatechuate), an antioxidant, is a prolyl-hydroxylase inhibitor found in the testa of peanut seeds. Ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate protects myocardium by activating NO synthase and generating mitochondrial ROS. Ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate induces cell autophagy and apoptosis in ESCC cells. Ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate is a collagen synthesis inhibitor and has a bone protecting-effect .
    Ethyl 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate
  • HY-101180
    C2 Ceramide
    1 Publications Verification

    Ceramide 2
    C2 Ceramide (Ceramide 2) is the main lipid of the stratum corneum and a protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) activator. C2 Ceramide activates PP2A and ceramide-activated protein phosphatase (CAPP). C2 Ceramide induces cells differentiation, autophagy and apoptosis, inhibits mitochondrial respiratory chain complex III. C2 Ceramide is also a skin conditioning agent that protects the epidermal barrier from water loss .
    C2 Ceramide
  • HY-100490A
    Rilmenidine hemifumarate

    		Imidazoline Receptor Adrenergic Receptor Apoptosis Autophagy Cardiovascular Disease Cancer
    Rilmenidine hemifumarate, an innovative antihypertensive agent, is an orally active, selective I1 imidazoline receptor agonist. Rilmenidine hemifumarate is an alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist. Rilmenidine hemifumarate induces autophagy. Rilmenidine hemifumarate acts both centrally by reducing sympathetic overactivity and in the kidney by inhibiting the Na +/H + antiport. Rilmenidine hemifumarate modulates proliferation and stimulates the proapoptotic protein Bax thus inducing the perturbation of the mitochondrial pathway and apoptosis in human leukemic K562 cells .
    Rilmenidine hemifumarate
  • HY-100490S
    Rilmenidine-d4

    		Isotope-Labeled Compounds Imidazoline Receptor Adrenergic Receptor Apoptosis Autophagy Cardiovascular Disease Cancer
    Rilmenidine-d4 is the deuterium labeled Rilmenidine. Rilmenidine, an innovative antihypertensive agent, is an orally active, selective I1 imidazoline receptor agonist. Rilmenidine is an alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist. Rilmenidine induces autophagy. Rilmenidine acts both centrally by reducing sympathetic overactivity and in the kidney by inhibiting the Na+/H+ antiport. Rilmenidine modulates proliferation and stimulates the proapoptotic protein Bax thus inducing the perturbation of the mitochondrial pathway and apoptosis in human leukemic K562 cells[1][2][3].
    Rilmenidine-d4
  • HY-N9182
    Zeaxanthin dipalmitate

    Physalien

    		 Adiponectin Receptor P2X Receptor Autophagy Inflammation/Immunology
    Zeaxanthin dipalmitate (Physalien) is a wolfberry-derived carotenoid, has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress effects. Zeaxanthin dipalmitate directly interact with p2X7 receptor (Kd=81.2 nM) and adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1; Kd=533 nM) in a positive dose-dependent manner. Zeaxanthin dipalmitate restores mitochondrial autophagy functions suppressed by ethanol intoxication. Zeaxanthin dipalmitate can be used in the research of alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) and retinitis pigmentosa (RP) .
    Zeaxanthin dipalmitate
  • HY-18980
    Rottlerin
    5 Publications Verification

    Mallotoxin; NSC 56346; NSC 94525

    		 PKC Autophagy Apoptosis HIV RABV Infection Cancer
    Rottlerin, a natural product purified from Mallotus Philippinensis, is a specific PKC inhibitor, with IC50 values for PKCδ of 3-6 μM, PKCα,β,γ of 30-42 μM, PKCε,η,ζ of 80-100 μM. Rottlerin acts as a direct mitochondrial uncoupler, and stimulates autophagy by targeting a signaling cascade upstream of mTORC1. Rottlerin induces apoptosis via caspase 3 activation . Rottlerin inhibits HIV-1 integration and Rabies virus (RABV) infection .
    Rottlerin
  • HY-15597
    Salinomycin
    20+ Cited Publications

    Procoxacin

    		 Bacterial Wnt β-catenin Mitophagy Autophagy Apoptosis Antibiotic Parasite Cancer
    Salinomycin (Procoxacin), a polyether potassium ionophore antibiotic, selectively inhibits the growth of gram-positive bacteria. Salinomycin is a potent inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin signaling, blocks Wnt-induced LRP6 phosphorylation. Salinomycin (Procoxacin) shows selective activity against human cancer stem cells .
    Salinomycin
  • HY-N0484
    Liensinine
    5+ Cited Publications

    		 Autophagy Mitophagy Apoptosis Cardiovascular Disease Cancer
    Liensinine is an autophagy/mitophagy inhibitor. Liensinine, a major isoquinoline alkaloid, extracted from the seed embryo of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn, has a wide range of biological activities, including anti-arrhythmias, anti-hypertension, anti-pulmonary fibrosis, relaxation on vascular smooth muscle, etc .
    Liensinine
  • HY-N3584
    Paris saponin VII
    1 Publications Verification

    Chonglou Saponin VII

    		 Akt p38 MAPK P-glycoprotein Bcl-2 Family Caspase PARP Autophagy Apoptosis Cancer
    Paris saponin VII (Chonglou Saponin VII) is a steroidal saponin isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Trillium tschonoskii. Paris saponin VII-induced apoptosis in K562/ADR cells is associated with Akt/MAPK and the inhibition of P-gp. Paris saponin VII attenuates mitochondrial membrane potential, increases the expression of apoptosis-related proteins, such as Bax and cytochrome c, and decreases the protein expression levels of Bcl-2, caspase-9, caspase-3, PARP-1, and p-Akt. Paris saponin VII induces a robust autophagy in K562/ADR cells and provides a biochemical basis in the treatment of leukemia .
    Paris saponin VII
  • HY-155718
    fac-[Re(CO)3(L6)(H2O)][NO3]

    		Apoptosis Cancer
    fac-[Re(CO)3(L6)(H2O)][NO3] (compound 6), the rhenium(I) tricarbonyl aqua complex, is an anticancer agent associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. fac-[Re(CO)3(L6)(H2O)][NO3] is cytotoxic to prostate cancer cells, IC50=50 nM (PC-3 cells). fac-[Re(CO)3(L6)(H2O)][NO3] mainly accumulates in the nucleus, down-regulates ATP production in PC3 cells, and promotes apoptosis. However, fac-[Re(CO)3(L6)(H2O)][NO3] did not induce necrosis, pyrodeath and autophagy .
    fac-[Re(CO)3(L6)(H2O)][NO3]
  • HY-155719
    fac-[Re(CO)3(L3)(H2O)][NO3]

    		Paraptosis Cancer
    fac-[Re(CO)3(L3)(H2O)][NO3] (compound 3), the rhenium(I) tricarbonyl aqua complex, is an anticancer agent associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. fac-[Re(CO)3(L3)(H2O)][NO3] is cytotoxic to prostate cancer cells with IC50=0.32 μM (PC-3 cells). fac-[Re(CO)3(L3)(H2O)][NO3] mainly accumulates in mitochondria, down-regulates ATP production in PC3 cells, and promotes paraptosis. However, fac-[Re(CO)3(L3)(H2O)][NO3] did not induce necrosis, apoptosis and autophagy .
    fac-[Re(CO)3(L3)(H2O)][NO3]

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